Philosophy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Philosophy - Assignment Example This is seen in the differences between the rationalism and empiricism: rationalism has it that the ideas and concepts are independent from the experience, and that the cognition is realized only by means of the mind, whereas empiricism states that the knowledge and practice shall be cognized by means of experience. (True Forms, 2013). 2) Eudaimonia is most commonly defined as welfare, happiness, or prosperity. Eudaimonists state that the happiness is the supreme good for the human being. According to their views, the basis of the human behavior and the criteria of morality are determined as the human’s strive for happiness and prosperity. The happiness includes internal aspects, such as virtue, and external ones – health, beauty and wealth. Eudaimonia is considered naturalistic because it is in human’s nature to be aimed at reaching the best. (Robinson, 1999). 3) The Aristotelian concept of the â€Å"golden mean† is the acceptable middle between the excessive and the insufficient. In terms of ethics this means a choice between the things that are good and bad and may seem too good or too bad. For example, the situation with the wars and armed conflicts in the modern world is illustrative in this respect. It would be possible to avoid them by means of choosing by either their sides a mean – the process of negotiations, and this is namely the mean because it would neither lead to blood-shooting nor to absence of the contact between the sides at all. It can also be referred to as sometimes avoiding of the difficulties and trying to choose the easiest way of the problems solving. Then it is believed that the golden mean is not the best means and it is necessary to be courage enough to follow not the easiest way. 4) Philosophical Cynics tend not to accept the conventional society. They motivate this by the fact that the usual concept of life presupposes possessing the useless and odd